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Thaish

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Thaish
ภาษาไทย phasa thai
Goll er loayrt ayns yn Çheer Thai, yn Valaysia, yn Chamboyd, yn Vurmey, yn Laos
Earroo loayreyderyn 60-64 millioon
Rhenk 24
Kynney çhengey Tai-Kadai
Corys screeuee screeu Thai
Staydys oikoil
Çhengey oikoil ayns yn Çheer Thai
Fo stiurey ec Undinys Pandityn ny h-Ard-Ooasley
Coadyn çhengey
ISO 639-1 th
ISO 639-2 tha
ISO 639-3 tha
Screeuyn Brahmagh
Screeuyn Brahmagh
Ta screeuyn Brahmagh er y duillag shoh. Mannagh vel jargaght jannoo screeu crampit ec y cho-earrooder ayd, foddee dy vaik uss breearyn ass ynnyd as spankyn laccal taah. Ny smoo...

She çhengey ashoonagh as oikoil ny Çheer Thai ee Thaish (ภาษาไทย Phasa Thai.[1] T'ee 'sy chynney çhengey Tai, as t'ad credjal dy daink ad ass ny ta yn Çheen yiass jiu. She çhengey toanagh as scarreydagh t'ayn, as ta cowraghyn grammeydagh eck.

Sheeanchoryssaghtys

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Ta cowraghyn sheeanagh ASE 'syn art shoh. Mannagh vel jargaght jannoo screeu crampit ec y cho-earrooder ayd, foddee dy vaik uss cowraghyn feyshtey, kishtaghyn, ny cowraghyn elley ayns ynnyd ny cowraghyn Unicode.

Toanyn

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Ta queig toanyn 'sy Thaish: meanagh, injil, tuittym, ard as irree. Ta'n taabyl heese soilshaghey ny toanyn myn-heeanagh as y fockley magh sheeanagh oc.

Toan Thaish sampleyr Myn-heeanagh Sheeanagh Gaelg
meanagh สามัญ นา /nāː/ [naː˥˧] magher reise
injil เอก หน่า /nàː/ [naː˧˩] (far-ennym)
tuittym โท หน้า /nâː/ [naː˥˩] eddin
ard ตรี น้า /náː/ [naː˧˥] naunt/naim ny sassey na'n ayr as moir ayd
irree จัตวา หนา /nǎː/ [naː˨˩˧] çhiu

Corocklyn

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Ta Thaish geddyr-scarrey bleaysee ayns tree ronnaghyn:

Ta'n nah as treeoo jeu ec y Ghaelg myr myn-heeanyn: myr sampleyr, ta /b/ cronnaneagh neuennalit, as ta'n myn-heean /p/ goll er fockley magh myr [pʰ] neuchronnaneagh ennalit son y chooid smoo. Cha nel y chied ain agh myr fo-heean /p/. 'sy taabyl heese, ta'n chied linney soilshaghey ASE, as ta'n nah linney soilshaghey lettyryn Thaish ta goll er fockley magh myr shen ec toshiaght yn 'ockle.

  Daa-veillagh Meeill-
eeacklagh
Cooyl-
eeacklagh
Lurg-
chooyleeacklagh
Cleaoil Coghooysagh Sluggidagh
Stronnagh   [m]
    [n]
ณ,น
      [ŋ]
 
Bleaystagh [p]
[pʰ]
ผ,พ,ภ
[b]
*
  [t]
ฏ,ต
[tʰ]
ฐ,ฑ,ฒ,ถ,ท,ธ
[d]
ฎ,ด*
    [k]
[kʰ]
ข,ฃ,ค,ฅ,ฆ
  [ʔ]
**
Screebagh   [f]
ฝ,ฟ
[s]
ซ,ศ,ษ,ส
        [h]
ห,ฮ
Affricaid       [tɕ]
[tɕʰ]
ฉ, ช, ฌ
     
Craa       [r]
       
Faggyssaght         [j]
ญ,ย
  [w]
 
Lhiattagh       [l]
ล,ฬ
       
* Ta บ as ด jee-chronnaneagh ec jerrey fockle, as t'ad goll er fockley magh myr [p] as [t] fo shaghey.
** Ta'n lettyr อ tostagh roish breeocklyn.

Breeocklyn

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Ta breeocklyn neuchramp ny Thaish 'sy taabyl heese. Ta'n linney s'ardjey cowrey ASE y vreeockle, as ta'n nah linney lettyryn Thaish. Ta schimmeig (–) cowraghey ynnyd y chied chorockle ta'n breeockle goll er fockley magh ny lurg. Ta nah schimmeig cowraghey dy vel feme er corockle s'jerree ny lurg.

Breeocklyn ny Thaish.[2]
  Toshee Cooyl
neuruntit neuruntit runtit
giare liauyr giare liauyr giare liauyr
Doont /i/
 -ิ 
/iː/
 -ี 
/ɯ/
 -ึ 
/ɯː/
 -ื 
/u/
 -ุ 
/uː/
 -ู 
Eddyr-ghoont /e/
เ-ะ
/eː/
เ-
/ɤ/
เ-อะ
/ɤː/
เ-อ
/o/
โ-ะ
/oː/
โ-
Eddyr-foshlit /ɛ/
แ-ะ
/ɛː/
แ-
    /ɔ/
เ-าะ
/ɔː/
-อ
Foshlit     /a/
-ะ, -ั
/aː/
-า
   

Ta ny breeocklyn ayns jeesyn liauyr as giare: t'adsyn nyn myn-heeanyn ta jannoo focklyn er lheh 'sy Thaish, agh t'ad goll er aascreeu 'syn aght cheddin;[2] ta เขา (khao) çheet er "eh, ee", agh ta ขาว (khao) çheet er "bane". Shoh ny jeesyn liauyr-giare:

Liauyr Giare
Thaish ASE Çhyndaa Screeu Thaish ASE Çhyndaa
–า /aː/ /fǎːn/ giarrey ayns slissagyn' –ะ /a/ /fǎn/ 'dreamal'
–ี  /iː/ /krìːt/ 'giarrey' –ิ  /i/ /krìt/ skynn'
–ู  /uː/ /sùːt/ 'tayrn stiagh ennal' –ุ  /u/ /sùt/ 'jerrinagh'
เ– /eː/ /ʔēːn/ 'lieh-lhie' เ–ะ /e/ /ʔēn/ 'kiangley craue'
แ– /ɛː/ /pʰɛ́ː/ 'goll er cur fo haart' แ–ะ /ɛ/ /pʰɛ́ʔ/ 'goayr'
–ื  /ɯː/ /kʰlɯ̂ːn/ 'tonn' –ึ  /ɯ/ /kʰɯ̂n/ 'goll seose'
เ–อ /ɤː/ /dɤ̄ːn/ 'shooyl' เ–อะ /ɤ/ /ŋɤ̄n/ 'argid'
โ– /oː/ /kʰôːn/ 'lhieggey' โ–ะ /o/ /kʰôn/ 'çhiu'
–อ /ɔː/ /klɔːŋ/ 'drummey' เ–าะ /ɔ/ /klɔ̀ŋ/ 'kishtey'
Daaghooaghtyn ny Thaish.[2]

Foddee ad coghiangley ny breeocklyn myr daaghooaghtyn. Ta Tingsabadh & Abramson (1993) [2] gra dy vel adsyn as breeockle ardey ec y jerrey /Vj/ as /Vw/ ec bun. Er son dy hoilshaghey toan, t'ad cur "liauyr" orroo as rolteen oc:

Liauyr Giare
Thaish ASE Thaish ASE
–าย /aːj/ ไ–*, ใ–*, ไ–ย /aj/
–าว /aːw/ เ–า* /aw/
เ–ีย /iːa/ เ–ียะ /ia/
–ิว /iw/
–ัว /uːa/ –ัวะ /ua/
–ูย /uːj/ –ุย /uj/
เ–ว /eːw/ เ–็ว /ew/
แ–ว /ɛːw/
เ–ือ /ɯːa/
เ–ย /ɤːj/
–อย /ɔːj/
โ–ย /oːj/

Ta tree treeghooaghtyn eck, as ad liauyr:

Thaish ASE
เ–ียว /iow/
–วย /uɛj/
เ–ือย /ɯɛj/

Imraaghyn

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  1. Corys Aascreeu Reeoil ny Thaish: phasa thai; aascreeu ISO 11940: p̣hās̄ʹāthịy
  2. a b c d Tingsabadh, M.R. Kalaya; Arthur Abramson (1993). "Thai". Journal of the International Phonetic Association 23 (1): 25.