Katakana
| Katakana カタカナ | |
|---|---|
| Sorçh | Shillabaght |
| Çhengaghyn | Shapaanish, Okinawish, Ainuish, Palauish[1] |
| Eash | ~800 BNJ - jiu |
| Bun-choryssyn | |
| Co-choryssyn | hiragana, hentaigana |
| Ream Unicode | U+30A0 - U+30FF |
| ISO 15924 | Kana |
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| Notey: Bee cowraghyn sheeanagh ASE er y duillag shoh ayns Unicode, foddee. | |
She corys screeuee Shapaanagh eh Katakana (片仮名, カタカナ ny かたかな?). She shillabaght t'ayn. T'eh co-veaghey marish hiragana as kanji. Ta ymmyd jeant jeh son dy screeu focklyn joarree; myr sampleyr, アメリカ Amerika. Ta ymmyd jeant jeh elley er son arrish-ockleeaght; son enmyn oaylleeagh; as son dy chur trimmid er fockle.[2] Ny keayrtyn, t'ad ry-akin my vees karracteyr loayrt ayns çhengey ny h-abbyrt joarree, ny my vees eh doillee lhaih kanji ennagh. Myr sampleyr, ayns 皮膚科 hifuka ("crackan-oaylleeaght"), t'ad gra dy vel eh doillee lhaih y nah chanji, 膚. Myr shen, dy mennick, t'ad screeu hifuka myr 皮フ科 ny ヒフ科, as shen mestey kanji as katakana.
Cairscreeu
[reagh | edit source]Ny keayrtyn, t'ad aascreeu raaghyn joarree as boayl ny eddyr-phonk (nakaguro (中黒?)) eddyr ny focklyn. Tra t'ad credjal dy bee enney ec y lhaihder er ny focklyn gairaigo shoh, cha vees ad shen y yannoo. Myr sampleyr, 'sy raa コンピュータゲーム konpyūta gēmu ("gamman co-earrooder") ta daa gairaigo mie er enney, as myr shen cha nel eddyr-phonk eddyr oc.
Ta cairscreeu chatakana beggan anchasley rish cairscreeu hiragana. Ta hiragana cowraghey breeockle liauyr liorish daa chana, agh ta katakana jannoo ymmyd jeh cowrey lheanaghey breeockle (chōon). She linney giare eh, colinney rish y teks; t'eh co-chruinnagh lesh yokogaki (teks co-chruinnagh), as pontreilagh lesh tategaki (teks pontreilagh). Son y chooid smoo, t'eshyn ry-akin ayns eeasaghtyn joarree. Ta breeocklyn liauyrey ayns focklyn katakanagh Shapaanagh goll er screeu rere'n aght hiraganagh, son y chooid smoo; agh ta lhimmaghyn ayn, myr sampleyr, ローソク(蝋燭 rōsoku "cainle").
Ta tsu beg (っ), as ad cur sokuon er, cowraghey magh corockle cubbylagh, as rōmaji cowraghey shen lioarish corockle dooblagh. Myr sampleyr, ta'n fockle Baarle "bed" (lhiabbee) goll er screeu myr ベッド (beddo). Ta ymmyd jeant jeh'n sokuon son dy heet faggys da sheean neughooghyssagh: t'ad screeu "Bach" myr バッハ (Bahha) as "Mach" myr マッハ (Mahha).
Taabyl dy katakana-rōmaji
[reagh | edit source]Ta'n taabyl shoh taishbyney katakana marish y romanaghey Hepburn oc as fockley magh ASE. Ta katakana as dakuten ny handakuten oc fo ny kana gojūon nyn v'egooish. Adsyn t'ass ymmyd, t'ad ayns jiarg. Ta fir ayns gorrym noa, as ymmyd jeant jeusyn son dy screeu focklyn joarree, son y chooid smoo.
| Breeocklyn | yōon | ||||||
| ア a /a/ | イ i /i/ | ウ u /ɯ/ | エ e /e̞/ | オ o /o̞/ | lesh ャ (ya) | lesh ュ (yu) | lesh ョ (yo) |
| カ ka /ka/ | キ ki /ki/ | ク ku /kɯ/ | ケ ke /ke̞/ | コ ko /ko̞/ | キャ kya | キュ kyu | キョ kyo |
| サ sa /sa/ | シ shi /ɕi/ | ス su /sɯ/ | セ se /se̞/ | ソ so /so̞/ | シャ sha | シュ shu | ショ sho |
| タ ta /ta/ | チ chi /t͡ɕi/ | ツ tsu /t͡sɯ/ | テ te /te̞/ | ト to /to̞/ | チャ cha | チュ chu | チョ cho |
| ナ na /na/ | ニ ni /ɲi/ | ヌ nu /nɯ/ | ネ ne /ne̞/ | ノ no /no̞/ | ニャ nya | ニュ nyu | ニョ nyo |
| ハ ha /ha/ | ヒ hi /çi/ | フ fu /ɸɯ/ | ヘ he /he̞/ | ホ ho /ho̞/ | ヒャ hya | ヒュ hyu | ヒョ hyo |
| マ ma /ma/ | ミ mi /mi/ | ム mu /mɯ/ | メ me /me̞/ | モ mo /mo̞/ | ミャ mya | ミュ myu | ミョ myo |
| ヤ ya /ja/ |  yi /ji/ 1
|
ユ yu /jɯ/ |  ye /je̞/ 1
|
ヨ yo /jo̞/ | |||
| ラ ra /ɺa/ | リ ri /ɺi/ | ル ru /ɺɯ/ | レ re /ɺe̞/ | ロ ro /ɺo̞/ | リャ rya | リュ ryu | リョ ryo |
| ワ wa /ɰa/ | ヰ wi /i/ |  wu /ɯ/ 1
|
ヱ we /e̞/ | ヲ wo /o̞/ 2 | ヰャ wya | ヰュ wyu | ヰョ wyo |
| ン /n/,/m/,/ŋ/,/ũ/,/ĩ/,/ɴ/ | |||||||
| ガ ga | ギ gi | グ gu | ゲ ge | ゴ go | ギャ gya | ギュ gyu | ギョ gyo |
| ザ za | ジ ji | ズ zu | ゼ ze | ゾ zo | ジャ ja | ジュ ju | ジョ jo |
| ダ da | ヂ (ji) | ヅ (dzu) | デ de | ド do | ヂャ (ja) | ヂュ (ju) | ヂョ (jo) |
| バ ba | ビ bi | ブ bu | ベ be | ボ bo | ビャ bya | ビュ byu | ビョ byo |
| パ pa | ピ pi | プ pu | ペ pe | ポ po | ピャ pya | ピュ pyu | ピョ pyo |
| (ユェ) イェ ye | |||||||
| (ヷ) ヴァ va | (ヸ) ヴィ vi | ヴ vu | (ヹ) ヴェ ve | (ヺ) ヴォ vo | ヴャ vya | ヴュ vyu | ヴョ vyo |
| シェ she | |||||||
| ジェ je | |||||||
| チェ che | |||||||
| スァ swa | スィ swi | スェ swe | スォ swo | スャ sya | スュ syu | スョ syo | |
| ズィ zi | ズャ zya | ズュ zyu | ズョ zyo | ||||
| ティ ti | トゥ tu | テャ tya | テュ tyu | テョ tyo | |||
| ディ di | ドゥ du | デャ dya | デュ dyu | デョ dyo | |||
| ツァ tsa | ツィ tsi | ツェ tse | ツォ tso | ||||
| ファ fa | フィ fi | ホゥ hu | フェ fe | フォ fo | フャ fya | フュ fyu | フョ fyo |
| リェ rye | |||||||
| ウァ wa | ウィ wi | ウェ we | ウォ wo | ウャ wya | ウュ wyu | ウョ wyo | |
| (クヮ) クァ kwa | クィ kwi | クゥ kwu | クェ kwe | クォ kwo | |||
| (グヮ) グァ gwa | グィ gwi | グゥ gwu | グェ gwe | グォ gwo | |||
| ヵ ka beg | ヶ ke beg3 | ||||||
- 1 Ny katakana ass ymmyd shoh, haink rish ad ayns shiartanse dy lioaryn cho leah as 1873 ( Meiji 6), agh cha row ad goit rish dy cadjin. [3] [4]
- 2 Jiu, taウォ ("wo") ry-akin son y çheean "wo". Y cummey katakana jeh'n chana "wo", ヲ, cha nel ee ry-akin dy mennick, agh ta ymmyd jeant jeh son dy haishbyney yn ayrneen を myr katakana. Dy cadjin, ta'n ayrneen shoh goll er fockley magh myr y kana "o" (オ ayns katakana, お ayns hiragana.
- 3 She aagherrid y chanji 箇 t'ayn, as eshyn ny 'ockle rang-oardraghey.
Imraaghyn
[reagh | edit source]- ↑ Thomas E. McAuley (2001). Language change in East Asia, 90. ISBN 978-0700713776.
- ↑ Yasu-Hiko Tohsaku (1993). "The Japanese Writing System (2) Katakana", Yookoso! An Invitation to Contemporary Japanese, 1oo (Baarle, Shapaanish), McGraw-Hill, 29. ISBN 0070723362.
- ↑ (ja) 「いろは と アイウエオ」
- ↑ (ja) 伊豆での収穫 : 日本国語学史上比類なき変体仮名
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