Doolish
| Doolish Douglas |
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|---|---|---|---|
| — Ard-valley — | |||
 Mean: Shooylaghan Loch Bun: Thie Vona (Yn Kiare as Feed), Toor y Chemmyrk Mean: Shooylaghan Loch Bun: Thie Vona (Yn Kiare as Feed), Toor y Chemmyrk |
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| Jarroo-raa: "Kiannoortys çheusthie jeh kiannoortys" | |||
  Doolish |
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| Co-ordnaidyn: 54°08′42.76″N 04°28′54.19″W / 54.1452111°N 4.4817194°W | |||
| Çheer |  Mannin |
||
| Sheadin | Medall | ||
| Skeerey | Doolish | ||
Co-heiyderyssyn y Chiare as Feed |
Doolish Heear Doolish Hiar Doolish Hwoaie Doolish Yiass |
||
| Reiltys | |||
| - Colught | Coonseil Valley Corpagh Ghoolish | ||
| - Meoir | Ritchie H. McNicholl (2010-2011)[1] | ||
| Eaghtyr[2] | |||
| - Yn clane | 10.1 km² (3.9 mi ker) | ||
| Earroo yn phobble [3] | |||
| - Yn clane | 27,938 | ||
| - Glooaght y phobble | 2,766/km² (7,163.9/mi ker) | ||
| Cryss hraa | GMT (UTC+0) | ||
| - Sourey (TTSL) | BST (UTC+1) | ||
| Coad postagh | IM1, IM2 | ||
| Coad(yn) çhellvane | 01624 | ||
| Ynnyd-eggey | www.douglas.gov.im/ | ||
She preeu-valley Vannin, as y balley smoo ayn, ee Doolish (ASE: [ˈd̪uːlɪʃ]; Baarle: Douglas). Ta'n fockle "Doolish" çheet magh ass "yn doo glass" ny "yn doo glish" myr ennym yn awin 'sy valley,[4][5] ny ass cur ry-cheilley ny h-enmyn "doo" as "glass" as ad ny h-enmyn ta currit er y daa awin (yn Glass as yn Awin Doo) ta çheet ry cheilley faggys da'n valley.[6] Ta 27,938 (2011) deiney cummal 'sy valley,[3] ny un trass jeh sleih-earroo yn Ellan. Ta Doolish ny soie lieh-vollagh rish y choose hiar ec inver Awin Ghoolish, as er baie lhean corranagh daa veeilley er lheead. Ta Awin Ghoolish jannoo seose paart jeh purt y valley as yn phreeu-phurt hraghtee. Ta Doolish coontit myr fer jeh ny h-ardjyn reiragh ayns Mannin.
She cree yn Ellan son dellal, argidys, arraghey, shappal, eunysseyrys, politickaght as cultoor ee Doolish. Hooar y balley e staydys pree-valjagh 'sy vlein 1869 tra ren y reiltys scughey veih Balley Chashtal gys Doolish.[7] Ec y traa t'ayn, ta soiaghey yn Chiare as Feed myrane lesh dagh rheynn y Reiltys ayns Doolish. Ta bancyn lheid as yn Isle of Man Bank, Bank of Ireland, Bank of Bermuda, The Royal Bank of Scotland as Lloyds TSB soit 'sy valley as ta ard-ghoo er yn valley myr fer jeh ny buill argidoil vooie smoo er y theihll. Ta'n Paggad Bree stiurey shirveishyn baataghyn assaig veih Doolish gys Lerphoyll, Heysham as Divlyn (shirveishyn imbee), as ta ram caaghyn arraghey elley, lheid as y raad yiarn gys Purt le Moirrey gimmeeaght ass Doolish.
Shennaghys
[reagh | edit source]Ta feddyn magh wappin ooha ayns Doolish Veanagh[8] as feddyn magh tastee stoyr Wiggynnagh Valley 'c Phaayl[9] ayns ny 1890yn taishbyney scansh leah yn toiaghey raad ta Doolish ny soie nish. Ta'n chooid smoo jeh scoillaryn as ollooyn coardail dy daink yn ennym "Doolish" ass "Duboglassio" (glass ny awin doo) y Çhenn Cheltish.[10] Ta daa imraa jeant er Doolish ayns Recortyssyn Reeaghyn Vannin as ny h-Ellanyn; y chied 'sy vlein 1192 tra va ny maynee scughit veih Mannishter Voirrey ayns Rosien feie kiare bleeaney, as reesht 'sy vlein 1313 tra ren Roibert a Briuis, Ree ny h-Albey, tannaghtyn ayns mannishter Dhoolish as eh er y vollagh echey son Cashtal Rosien dy ghoaill.[11] Foddee dy vel ny screeuyn shen çheet er soiaghey thie ny cailleeyn dooey anmagh, beggan seose yn awin veih'n phurt.
Ta'n chied docamadys cruinn taishbyney nagh row 'sy valley 'sy vlein 1511[12] agh tree lughtyn thie jeig çhaglit çheu hwoaie jeh'n phurt, as y chooid smoo jeh ny shellooderyssyn ayn nyn "shamyryn"[13] (strughtooryn un-chillagh, neuchummaltit, gyn çhiass) as mail er eeck er nyn son ec neu-chummaltee goaill stiagh y chlere, fir oikagh as shellooderyn thallooin veih buill elley er yn Ellan. T'eh shen çheet er bun y valley myr purt neu-valjagh.[14] Ta'n sheiltynys jeh'n traa t'ayn nish kianglaghey ny thieyn-stoyr lesh eeastagh Skeddanyn Vooir Vannin as yn traght ymmyrkey stiagh/magh. 'Sy vlein 1681 ren Thomas Denton cur sheese er Doolish myr "fer jeh ny buill heyrey share" er Ellan Vannin, as 'sy vlein 1705 ta eie feer vie er y valley girree magh, as sannish ayn dy row currymyn y valley er çheu ny thieyn, yn vargee, as y choadey cahnagh girree ny smoo scanshoil[15] cur liorish y phurt. Car ny sheyad bleeantyn ny yei va thieyn marçhanyn, thieyn stoyr mooarey, keiyaghyn as peer troggit dy chiarail yn "Traght Roie" (yn drogh hraghtey), fer jeh broddyn da mooadaghey yn valley.[16] Daase sorçhyn elley dy hraght, as lurg y Çhialg Vooar 'sy vlein 1765, hooar Doolish vondeishyn jeh'n traght harrish-Atlantagh rere feddyn magh y Theihll Noa, as co-obbraghey lesh Lerphoyll er bun ynnydagh.[17] Marçhanyn leighoil ren girree ny s'berçhee car y lhing shen, ren ad goaill stiagh ny lughtyn thie Murrey, Moore, as Bacon.[17] Lhig costys injil y vea myrane lesh y staydys leighoil v'ayn ec feeaghanee Hostynagh as oikee lieh-faill da berçhys jeianagh y valley.[18] By eh oyr yn aase as yn lhiassaghey toshee 'sy valley na'n phurt najooragh (y Phurt Sthie jiu), as ee er ny mooadaghey as ny bishaghey veih'n traa shen. Harrish yn 18oo eash daase sleih-earroo yn valley; cha row cummal 'sy valley 'sy vlein 1710 agh mysh 800 deiney, agh 'sy vlein 1784 va begnagh 2,500 deiney cummal ayn.
Car y nuyoo eash jeig hie deyn-oaylleeaght y valley lesh deyn-oaylleeaght baljyn elley 'sy Reeriaght Unnaneysit rere y Çhyndaa Çhynskylagh. Va ny smoo as ny smoo deiney geearree goll er laghyn seyrey gys yn ard shoh veih'n nuyoo eash jeig as ny deiney shen cur çhynskyl noa er bun – yn turrysid[17] – as veih mysh 1870 er oaie va'n balley ceaghlit gys ynnyd seyrey toshee. Cur faggys da cheilley lesh y verçhys shen, va doaieyn meeslayntoil as thieys jeh quallid voght ry-gheddyn 'sy valley, red va ry-akin ayns ny baljyn elley harrish y vooir 'sy Reeriaght Unnaneysit.[19] Chur y mooynlagh foshlit, ny thorranyn, as y soar veih'n phurt car traa y vooir-hraie lesh neughlennid y valley. Va lostanyn ooill as gas currit stiagh ayns Doolish da'n chied cheayrt ayns ny 1820yn jeianagh as ny 1830yn. 'Sy vlein 1832 haink er Baie Ghoolish dy ve ny valley da fer jeh ny cowraghyn thallooin smoo ard-ghooagh 'sy valley tra va Toor y Chemmyrk troggit er Kione y Sker dy chiarail fastee, kiarailyn as bee da shiaulteyryn lhongvrisht as ad fuirraghtyn rish livreys.[20][21] Va'n chied thie lheihys ren goaill ayrn 'sy Lheelann troggit 'sy vlein 1850. Ansherbee, by chowrey Ghoolish 'sy chied lieh jeh'n nuyoo eash jeig ayn na genney as neuverçhys ny cummaltee as y mooar-earroo jeh ym-ghorlaghyn oc, yn collyr er lheh.[17]
Va enney currit er aase as bishaghey Ghoolish myr doon sheshoil as tarmaynagh yn Ellan 'sy vlein 1869 tra haink urree dy ve ny preeu-valley er yn Ellan. Roish shen by eh Balley Chashtal, balley ny sloo ayns jiass yn Ellan, yn preeu-valley. Cheaghil y reayrt politickagh ayns Doolish dy trome-cheeallagh 'sy nuyoo eash jeig, gyn y wooise da'n chumaadaghys v'ayn ec mooinjer ennagh y valley: myr sampleyr, 'sy vlein 1844 va eie mychione coonseil valjagh jiooldit ec cruinnaght heayagh as y vooinjer jannoo soiagh jeh'n çhenn aght dy Ard-Vayleeyn Baljagh (tra hie Slattys y Villey Baljagh er ny hrooid ayns Tinvaal 'sy vlein 1852, ren mooinjer Ghoolish jiooldey yn eie reesht). Ansherbee, y clattys ren goll er ny hrooid beggan ny s'anmey 'sy jeihaght shen as nagh row oltyn reih-magh ayn, v'eh goit dy mie, as 'sy vlein 1860 ren mooinjer Ghoolish reih yn chied choonseil valjagh, as y choonseil shen jeant seose jeh sleih veih'n veanvrastyl da'n chooid smoo. Ren ny Barrantee Valjagh cur laueyn ayns feyshtyn y valley lesh ny smoo fondid, as roish y vlein 1869 va crampys y vooynlee kiartit da'n choois smoo.[17]
Ren ny Barrantee reaghey ard-obbrinys mee-emshiragh Ghoolish y chaghlaa. Va'n ard-obbrinys shen troggit car lhing yn eeastagh as yn traght, as cha row eh freggyragh ny sauçhey da'n lught turryssagh. Va coreir sleih-earroo yn Ellan va cummal ayns Doolish gaase chammah, as 'sy vlein 1891 va 35% jeh sleih-earroo yn Ellan cummal ayn. Va noa-emshyraghey Victorianagh as anmagh yn valley cooilleeinit er costallys lhie magh ny shenn straiddyn. Va ny straiddyn shen scrysst magh as va skeimyn noa dy straiddyn currit ayns nyn ynnyd ayns bishaghey lesh skeaylaghyn ny slummaghyn veih ny 1870yn derrey ny 1920yn. Hie bun-troggalys yn valley er ny cheaghley dy fraueoilagh dy chur cooieid da'n lught turryssagh, as 'sy vlein 1878, hie Shooylaghan Loch er ny troggal. 'Sy vlein 1870, haink 60,000 keayrtee gys y valley dagh blein. Daase earrooyn ny keayrtee as roish y vlein 1884 va 182,000 çheet gys y valley. 'Sy vlein 1887 haink 310,916 keayrtee son Blein Feayslee y Venrein Victoria.[17]
Car y Chied Chaggey Dowanagh as y Nah Chaggey Dowanagh, haink er ayrnyn jeh Doolish as jeh baljyn elley er yn Ellan dy ve nyn gampyn-pryssoonagh son "joarree noidagh". Va cooid jeh'n Çhooylaghan rheynnit magh myrane lesh ram thieyn oast son y chooish shen.[22][23]
Çheer-oaylleeaght
[reagh | edit source]Ta Doolish ny soie er coose hiar yn Ellan, mygeayrt lieh-vollagh rish y choose shen, as mygeayrt 130 km çheu heear hwoaie veih Lerphoyll. Va'n balley troggit faggys da çheet ry-cheilley daa awin - yn Awin Doo as yn Glass. Ta ny h-awinyn shen çheet ry-cheilley myr Awin Ghoolish as t'ee roie trooid y cheiy stiagh gys Baie Ghoolish, Mooir Vannin. Ta'n baie hene ny vaie corranagh ta roie veih Kione Connaghyn 'sy twoaie gys Kione Ghoolish 'sy jiass. Ta ellaneen beg 'sy vaie fo'n ennym Kione y Sker raad ta Toor y Chemmyrk ry-akin. Ta glion ughtee rea roie çheusthie 'syn antraie. Ta cruink injil cruinnaghey yn balley da'n twoaie, da'n sheear as da'n jiass, as ta ny cruink yiassey tilgey magh 'syn 'aarkey myr Kione Ghoolish. Ta'n phurt hene ny soie ayns inver yn awin, jeeragh twoaie veih Kione Ghoolish.
Ta Doolish cruinnit liorish baljyn beggey elley lheid as Kione Droghad 'sy twoaie as Mwyllin Doo Aah 'syn eear.
Speyr
[reagh | edit source]Gollrish yn Ellan er fud, she speyr heeltagh lesh souraghyn fynnyrey as geuraghyn boggey ee speyr Ghoolish. Er oyr y toiaghey eck ta'n frassaghey ny s'trimmey ayn na ayns ayrnyn elley jeh'n Ellan, as ny s'trimmey na frassaghey meanagh ny h-Ellanyn Goaldagh. By ayns Doolish va'n laa s'feayrey ayns Mannin (-11.7 °C) ayns Toshiaght Arree ny bleeaney 1895.[24]
| Fysseree emshir da Doolish | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mee | J.Geu | T.Arr | Mar | Avr | Boa | M.Sou | J.Sou | Lua | M.Fou | J.Fou | Sau | Nol | Blein |
| Ard-çhiassid veanagh °C (°F) | 7 (45) |
7 (45) |
8 (46) |
11 (52) |
14 (57) |
16 (61) |
17 (63) |
18 (65) |
16 (61) |
13 (55) |
10 (50) |
8 (46) |
13 (55) |
| Bun-çhiassid veanagh °C (°F) | 3 (38) |
2 (36) |
4 (39) |
5 (41) |
7 (45) |
10 (50) |
12 (54) |
12 (54) |
11 (52) |
8 (46) |
6 (42) |
4 (39) |
7 (45) |
| Frassaghey mm (oarleeyn) | 125 (4.92) |
81 (3.19) |
72 (2.83) |
63 (2.48) |
69 (2.72) |
72 (2.83) |
81 (3.19) |
91 (3.58) |
111 (4.37) |
122 (4.8) |
124 (4.88) |
128 (5.04) |
1,149 (45.24) |
| Farrane-fys: | |||||||||||||
Ynsagh
[reagh | edit source]
Va ny kied screeuyn mychione yn ynsagh ayns Doolish er ny screeu sheese 'sy shiaghtoo eash jeig. Va cur sheese jeant er y vainshtyrys scoill, ayns bishaghey lesh Çhaplynys Ghoolish as screeuyn moyllee er "mynscoill" 'sy vlein 1675.[25] Va William Walker pointit gys y vainshtyrys 'sy vlein 1700,[26] as s'cosoylagh dy row yn scoill goll er shooyl 'sy çhenn chabbal (Ynnyd Heyward jiu).[27] Ny s'anmey, hie eh er n'yrjaghey myr Pesson Valley ny Loghey as hooar eh Ollooaght onnoroil. V'eh currit ayns y chooinaghtyn ain liorish e voir 'syn arrane keayney "Illiam Walker as Robin Teare".[26]
Ta shennaghys formoil yn ynsee 'sy valley toshiaghey lesh bunneydys Scoill Ghrammadys Ghoolish liorish yn Aspick Thomas Wilson. Ren y Shanstyr William Dixon (Buttee va cummal ayns Divlyn veih ny 1680yn er y chooid sloo[28]) coardail shenn thie ny paarantyn echey y choyrt, red ren eh 'sy vlein 1714. Ren yn Aspick geddyn gioot er £500 (argid Yernagh), lesh lieh chooid goit as stoyr argid veih Treishteilee Barrow, as va'n chooid smoo elley kiarit liorish mooinjer hieoilagh Vuttagh yn Aspick, y lught thie Murrey.[29] Lurg shen, va mainshtyrys Scoill Ghrammadys Ghoolish co-vestit lesh y Çhaplynys. Cha nel mooarane fys ayn mychione thie y Scoill Ghrammadys vunneydagh, agh s'cosoylagh dy row paart mooar ec William Murrey as dy ren eh ymmyd jeh'n çhamyr lajer fo halloo ayn ayns ynnyd aayeeilley y £150 ayns feeaghyn.[29]
By Vainshtyr ard-ghooagh elley er y Scoill Ghrammadys ayn na'n Arrymagh Philip Moore (1705-1783). Va Moore pointit myr Mainshtyr 'sy vlein 1735 as t'eh er credjal dy row eh ny scoillar classicagh feer vie, as dy row "graih dooghyssagh 'syn ynsagh" echey.[26]
Ec y traa t'ayn ta daa ard-scoillyn ayns Doolish; Ard-scoill Valley Kermeen as Schoill Ard Noo Ninian, myrane lesh ram bunscoillyn elley. Chammah as shen ta Colleish Ellan Vannin as Scoill Dellal Eddyrashoonagh Vannin nyn soie ayns Doolish.
Gurneilys
[reagh | edit source]Ta Doolish goll er reirey ec Coonceil Balley Corpagh Doolish. Ta'n choonseil freggyrtagh son ny tramyn cabbil, oaseirys smooirlagh, keeshyn ynnydagh, shirveishyn lioarlann (Lioarlann Henry Bloom Noble), pairkyn gleashtan, lossanyn straiddey, a.r.e. Ta ny scoillyn, ny shirveishyn mooghee as ny meoiryn shee ayns Doolish goll er stiurey ec ny buird er lheh jeh'n Reiltys. Ta'n choonseil jeant seose jeh 18 coonseilee. Ta'n balley er ny rheynn magh ayns shey wardyn - Athol, Cruink, Derby, Murrays, Noo Shorys, as Victoria - as ta tree coonseilee er nyn reih ayns dagh ward. Ta'n choonseil reih Meoir dagh blein. Ec y traa t'ayn she Richard Henry McNicholl Meoir Ghoolish.[1]
She soiaghey Reiltys Vannin ee Doolish. Ta hoght jeh ny nuy Rheynnyn Reiltys nyn soie ayns Doolish - ta'n Rheynn Çhymmyltaght, Bee as Eirinys ny soie ayns Balley Keeill Eoin. Myrane lesh y Reiltys ta ny quaillyn goll quail ayns Doolish myrgeddin.
Cowraghyn thallooin
[reagh | edit source]
Ta ram cleaynyn as reddyn turryssagh ry-gheddyn ayns Doolish:
- She fastee ayns cummey cashtal er Kione y Sker ayns Baie Ghoolish eh Toor y Chemmyrk. Va'n Toor troggit myr kemmyrk da shiaulteyryn lhongvrisht. Ren y Reejerey William Hillary, bunneyder yn RNLI, goaill toshiaghey er y Toor.
- Ta Shamyr Ghorraghey yn Unnaneys Mooar, t'er goll trooid obbraghyn aahroggalagh as ta foshlit da'n phobble cadjin car meeghyn y touree, ny soie er Kione Ghoolish. Ta jeantaneyn elley as remladyn jeh'n Turrysid Victorianagh foast ry-akin mygeayrt yn ard.
- Ta tramyn cabbil roie rish y çhooylaghan veih'n Chione-stashoon Marrey gys Raad-yiarn Lectragh Vannin veih'n Arragh gys yn 'Ouyr.
- Ta traenyn gaal goll veih stashoon traenagh Ghoolish feie 15 meeillaghyn gys Purt Çhiarn ayns jiass yn Ellan.
- Ta'n Ardan Soie er Raad Glion Croiteyr cowraghyn toshiaght as jerrey ny Ratçhyn TT as spoyrtyn-carbyd elley.
- By eh Pryssoon Raad Victoria y chied pryssoon va troggit er kiarail ayns Mannin. Doshil eh 'sy vlein 1891, as v'eh doont ayns 2008.
- She buill ghraihagh da dagh sorçh dy aghtyn ardan – goaill stiagh cloiaghyn veih craa-chiaull gys cloiaghyn aitt gys draamey gys ballay – ad yn Gaiety Theatre as Plaase ny Marrey.
- She thie tashtee ayns Keyll y Ree eh Thie Tashtee Vannin as t'eh cummal fir jeh ny jeantaneyn smoo scanshoil er çheu cultoor Vannin. T'ad goaill stiagh jeantaneyn lheid as Lhiaght Crossey yn Cholloo, jesheen wannalagh y Ven Phaganagh va feddynit ayns toghailtyn Wiggynagh ayns Cashtal Phurt ny h-Inshey as y çhaglym smoo jeh stooghyn Archibald Knox. Ta Çhaglym Ashoonagh son Jallooyn as yn Tashtlann Ashoonagh ry-gheddyn ayn.
- She clag straiddey va troggit 'sy vlein 1887 ayns cooinaghtyn Blein Feayslee Airhey reiltys y Venrein Victoria eh Clag y Vlein Feayslee. T'eh ny hoie ec bun Straid Victoria as Shooylaghan Loch. Ta kione-stashoon Tram-vollagh Caabil Ghoolish Heose soit ec yn ynnyd myrgeddin.
- Ta thieyn elley as ard-ghoo orroo goaill stiagh yn oastan Isola ayns Straid Yuan, as Thie Oast Ghoolish er y Cheiy Hwoaie - thieyn marçhanyn veih'n hoghtoo eash jeig meanagh; Cashtal Mona, plaase marrey ooasle va troggit ec John Murray, 4oo Duic Atholl 'sy vlein 1804; as Shooylaghan Loch, strane jeh eear-hieyn aaght veih ny 1870yn.
- Va sheeyntane y voalley marrey creaghnit 'sy vlein 1983, as v'eh foshlit liorish y Ven-phrinse Alexandra. V'eh currit er troggal çheu mooie veih'n fer ny sloo v'ayn hannah, as eh gymmyrkey craayn railley.
- Va ny Fo-gharaghyn er Shooylaghan Loch currit er bun myr eiyrtys er lheanaghey yn çhooylaghan ec cassey yn feedoo eash. Va linney troggalaght currit stiagh da'n obbyr shen.
Spoyrt
[reagh | edit source]Ta'n Laare-Spoyrt Ashoonagh (LSA), laare mooar da mooarane sorçhyn dy spoyrtyn as staid roortaghys, ny hoie er Raad Poyll Roish. Ta'n LSA ny chooid jeh'n Rheynn Turrysid as Soccar as ta Manx Sport & Recreation ("Ceau Emshir & Spoyrt Vannin") stiurey ny h-obbraidyn ayn. Ta Boull Ree Shorys V, staid yl-ymmyd lesh Coonceil Corpagh Ghoolish, ny hoie er Raad Poyll Roish.
Ta nuy jeh ny clubyn soccer ta cloie ayns Leeg Bluckan Coshey Vannin bunnit ayns Doolish:
- Ta Braddan F.C. cloie ass Faaie Soccer Strooan y Chrink, Strooan y Chrink, Raad Victoria.
- Ta Corinthian F.C. cloie ass Pairk Noble.
- Ta Douglas and District F.C. cloie as Raad ny Keylljyn, Poyll Roish.
- Ta Douglas Royal F.C. cloie ass yn LSA, Raad ny Keylljyn.
- Ta Gymnasium F.C. cloie ass Pairk Tromode, Raad Tromode.
- Ta Police F.C. cloie ass Raad ny Keylljyn, Poyll Roish, faaie ta er ny rheynn eddyr y club shoh as Pulrose United.
- Ta Pulrose United F.C. cloie ass Raad ny Keylljyn, Poyll Roish.
- Ta St Georges F.C. cloie ass Raad Glion Croiteyr.
- Ta St Marys F.C. cloie ass y Voull, Raad Poyll Roish.
Baljyn lannoonit
[reagh | edit source]Ta Doolish lannoonit rish Baile Monaidh ayns Nerin Hwoaie.[30]
Imraaghyn
[reagh | edit source]- ↑ a b "Mayoralty". Coonceil Balley Corpagh Doolish er linney. 2011. Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh er 2011-07-21. Feddynit magh er 21 Averil 2011.
- ↑ "Isle of Man: Parishes, Towns & Villages". citypopulation.de. Feddynit magh er 25 Averil 2011.
- ↑ a b "Isle of Man Census Report 2011" (PDF) (ayns Baarle). Rheynn Cooishyn Tarmaynagh, Yn Tashtey. 2012. dgn. dg. 14. ISBN 978-1-904869-32-0. Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh (pdf) er 2013-11-05. Feddynit magh er 8 Mean Fouyir 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: çhengey gyn enney (link) - ↑ Moore, A.W. (1890). "Chapter III - Distinctive Affixes". Surnames & Place-names of the Isle of Man. Lunnin: Elliot Stock. Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh er 2011-04-11. Feddynit magh er 21 Averil 2011.
- ↑ Gill, W. Walter (1929). "Chapter IV - The Parish of Onchan". A Manx Scrapbook. Bristol: J. W. Arrowsmith, Ltd. Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh er 2011-05-13. Feddynit magh er 21 Averil 2011.
- ↑ "Douglas" (ayns Baarle). Encyclopaedia Britannica. Feddynit magh er 21 Averil 2011.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: çhengey gyn enney (link) - ↑ Gawne, C. W. (2006). "A History of St George's Church" (ayns Baarle). St George's Douglas. Feddynit magh er 21 Averil 2011.
{{cite web}}: External link in|publisher= - ↑ Davey, P. J.; et al. (1999). "Bronze Age metallurgy on the Isle of Man: a symposium". Ayns Davey, P. J. (rd.). Recent Archaeological Research on the Isle of Man. BAR Brit. Ser. 278, Archaeopress. dgn. dg. 48. ISBN 0-86054-946-1.
{{cite book}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(cooney) - ↑ Wilson, David M. (2008). The Vikings in the Isle of Man. Aarhus universitetsforlag. dgn. dg. 113. ISBN 8779343708.
- ↑ Broderick, George (2006). A Dictionary of Manx Place-names. Nottingham: English Place-Name Society. dgn. dg. 103. ISBN 0-904889-71-8.
- ↑ Broderick, G. & Stowell, B. (1973). Chronicle of the Kings of Mann & The Isles. Doon Edin: preevaadjagh. dgn. dg. 26 & 46.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Talbot, Theophilus (1925). The Manorial Roll of the Isle of Man. Oxford University Press. dgn. dg. 32.
- ↑ Crowe, Nigel Geoffrey (2001). The Survey of Douglas: Quarterland and Cottage Rents of Douglas c.1705. dgn. dg. xvi. ISBN 0954128206.
- ↑ Gardiner, Mark (2002). "Continental trade and non-urban ports in mid-Anglo-Saxon England: excavations at Sandtun, West Hythe, Kent". Archaeological Journal. Ym-lioar 158: dg. 161-290. ISSN 00665983.
- ↑ Crowe, Nigel Geoffrey (2001). The Survey of Douglas: Quarterland and Cottage Rents of Douglas c.1705. ISBN 0954128206.
- ↑ Moore, A.W. (1900). A History of the Isle of Man. Lunnin: T. Fisher Unwin. dgn. dg. 436.
- ↑ a b c d e f Gordon N. Kniveton; Robert E. Forster, B.A.; Robert Kelly; Stuart Slack; Frank Cowin F.R.I.C.S. Douglas Centenary 1896-1996. Manx Experience. ISBN 1873120214.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Belchem, John (2000). "The Onset of Modernity". A New History of the Isle of Man, Vol V. Lerphoyll: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 0-85323-726-3.
- ↑ Behagg, Clive (1991-10-03). "5: The Development of the Labour Party 1885–1902". Labour and Reform: Working Class Movements, 1815-1914 (Access to History). Hodder & Stoughton. dgn. 99–103. ISBN 034052930X.
- ↑ "Tower of Refuge". IOM Guide. Feddynit magh er 26 Averil 2011.
- ↑ "Jedoonee 26oo Mee Averil". "Claare ny Gael", Manx Radio. 26 Averil 2009. Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh er 2011-06-15. Feddynit magh er 24 Averil 2011.
- ↑ "Cunningham's Camp". Manx Notebook. Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh er 2011-02-05. Feddynit magh er 24 Averil 2011.
- ↑ "Internment during World Wars I & II" (ayns Baarle). Eiraght Ashoonagh Vannin. Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh er 2012-05-26. Feddynit magh er 24 Averil 2011.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: çhengey gyn enney (link) - ↑ "North West England & Isle of Man: climate" (ayns Baarle). Met Office. Feddynit magh er 14 Toshiaght Arree 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: çhengey gyn enney (link) - ↑ Bird, Hinton (1993). An Island that Led: History of Manx Education Ym-Lioar. 1 (ayns Baarle). Purt le Moirrey. dgn. dg. 75. ISBN 0-9516918-0-5.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: çhengey gyn enney (link) - ↑ a b c Moore, A. W. "The Church". Manx Worthies. Doolish: S. K. Broadbent & Company, Ltd. dgn. dg. 22.
- ↑ Crowe, Nigel Geoffrey (2001). The Survey of Douglas: Quarterland and Cottage Rents of Douglas c.1705. dgn. dg. xiii. ISBN 0954128206.
- ↑ Crowe, Nigel Geoffrey (2001). The Survey of Douglas: Quarterland and Cottage Rents of Douglas c.1705. dgn. dg. 9. ISBN 0954128206.
- ↑ a b McHutchin, J. & Quirk, G. The Isle of Man Charities. Lerphoyll: D. Marples. dgn. dg. 112 - 114.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Twinning agreement encourages 'the write stuff', www.douglas.gov.im, 11 Mart 2009, feddynit er 5 Jerrey Geuree, 2010
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